Аннотації
25.06.2018
Традиційно скло є естетичним матеріалом, не призначеним для несучих цілей. Міцність скла залежить від розподілу напружень, тривалості навантаження, стану поверхні та умов навколишнього середовища. Поверхневі дефекти або тріщини пов'язані з характерною крихкістю скла. Крихке руйнування скла це катастрофічний режим відмови, при якому поверхневі дефекти або тріщини швидко поширюються під навантаженням на розтяг до критичного значення. Це можна змоделювати за допомогою лінійно-пружної механіки руйнування (ЛПМР). Інтенсивність пружних напружень в околі кінця тріщини описується коефіцієнтом інтенсивності напружень . Аналітичними методами визначення міцнісних властивостей скла є: оцінка в'язкості руйнування або інертної міцності та прогнозування тривалості експлуатації (часу руйнування) від втоми. Використання таких розрахункових підходів на основі ЛПМРдозволяє отримати несучу здатність конструкцій із скла.
Традиционно стекло является эстетическим материалом, не предназначенным для несущих целей. Прочность стекла зависит от распределения напряжений, продолжительности нагрузки, состояния поверхности и условий окружающей среды. Поверхностные дефекты или трещины связаны с характерной хрупкостью стекла. Хрупкое разрушение стекла - это катастрофический режим отказа, при котором поверхностные дефекты или трещины быстро распространяются под нагрузкой на растяжение до критического значения. Это можно смоделировать с помощью линейно-упругой механики разрушения (ЛПМР). Интенсивность упругих напряжений вблизи конца трещины описывается коэффициентом интенсивности напряжений . Аналитическими методами определения прочностных свойств стекла являются: оценка вязкости разрушения или инертной прочности и прогнозирования продолжительности эксплуатации (времени разрушения) от усталости. Использование таких расчетных подходов на основе ЛПМР позволяет получить несущую способность конструкций из стекла.
Traditionally glass is an aesthetic material not for load bearing purposes. The strength of glass is dependent on stress distribution, load duration, surface condition, and environmental conditions. Surface defects (flaws) or cracks are coupled with the inherent brittleness of glass. Brittle failure of glass is catastrophic failure mode when surface defects or cracks rapidly propagate under tensile loads to a critical value. This can be modelled using linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM). Elastic stress intensity near the crack tip is described by a stress intensity factor . Analytical methods for characterizing the strength properties of glass are: estimating fracture toughness or inert strength and lifetime prediction for fatigue loading. Using these design approaches based on LEFM can give obtain the load bearing capacity of glass constructions.
1. New Developments in Load-Bearing Glass [Electronic resource]. – Retrieved from: https://www.bdcuniversity.com/new-developments-load-bearing-glass.2. Achintha M. Sustainability of glass in construction [Electronic resource] / M.Achintha // Sustainability of Construction Materials / Ed. J. Khatib; Woodhead Publishing. – 2016. – Р. 79-104. – Retrieved from: https//doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-100370-1.00005-63. Kalamar R. Load Bearing Innovative Construction from Glass [Electronic resource] / R. Kalamar, M. Eliášová // IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering. – 2015. – Vol. 96. – 012066 (7 р.). – Retrieved from: https//doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/96/1/0120664. Šāble L. Evaluation of Glass in Design of Load Bearing Structures [Electronic resource] / L. Sable, K. Kalnins // Proceedings of Civil Engineering '13: 4th International Scientific Conference, Latvia, Jelgava, 16-17 May, 2013. – Р.46-52. – Retrieved from: http://llufb.llu.lv/conference/Civil_engineering/2013/partI/Latvia_Civil... 5. Pankhardt K. Load-bearing glass structures [Electronic resource] / K.Pankhardt // Periodica Polytechnica Civil Engineering. – 2004. – Vol. 48, No. 1–2. – P. 157–172. – Retrieved from: https://dea.lib.unideb.hu/dea/bitstream/handle/2437/192250/file_up_590-4...6. Родичев Ю.М. Питання якості, міцності і безпеки вітчизняних виробів з зміцненого скла при проектуванні будівельних конструкцій [Електронний ресурс] / Ю.М. Родичев // Семінар «Стан та шляхи вдосконалення застосування світлопрозорих конструкцій», 28 травня 2009 р., м.Київ. – Режим доступу: https://fasadinfo.ua/articles/glass/13467. Zammit K. Increasing the design strength of glass – fractography and stress testing [Electronic resource] / K. Zammit , M. Overend // Proceedings of the International Association for Shell and Spatial Structures Symposium, Valencia, Spain, 28 September – 2 October 2009. – 12 р. – Retrieved from: https://www.gft.eng.cam.ac.uk/media/kz/iass-2009-paper-zammit-overend.pdf8. Mechanical Behavior, Testing, and Manufacturing Properties of Materials [Electronic resource]. – Retrieved from: https://www.researchgate.net/file.PostFileLoader.html?id=56bf443b6307d 911188b4588&assetKey=AS%3A328682485895168%401455375419485.9. Toshihiko O. Fracture Analysis, a Basic Tool to Solve Breakage Issues [Electronic resource] / O. Toshihiko // Technical Information Paper (TIP), Corning Inc. – 2004. – Vol. 201. – Retrieved from: http://www.corning.com/media/worldwide/cdt/documents/2_TIP_201.pdf10. Nemeth N.N. CARES/LIFE Ceramics Analysis and Reliability Evaluation of Structures Life Prediction Program (NASA/TM-2003-106316) [Electronic resource] / N.N. Nemeth, L.M. Powers, L.A. Janosik, J.P.Gyekenyesi. – NASA Glenn Research Center; Cleveland, OH United States, 2003. – 342 p. – Retrieved from: https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/ 20030014949.pdf11. Evans A.G.Crack Propagation and Failure Prediction in Silicon Nitride at Elevated Temperature / A.G. Evans, S.M. Wiederhom // J. of Mat. Sci. – 1974. – Vol. 9. – Р. 270-278.12. Evans A.G. Proof Testing of Ceramic Materials-An Analytical Basis for Failure Prediction / A.G. Evans, S.M. Wiederhom // Int. J. of Fracture. – 1974. – Vol. 10, No. 3. – P. 379-39213. Wiederhorn S.M.Subcritical Crack Growth in Ceramics / S.M.Wiederhorn // Fracture Mechanics of Ceramics / Bradt, R.C., Hasselurau, D.P., Lang, F.F. (Еds.); Plenum, New York. – 1974. – Р. 613-646.14. Wiederhorn S.M. Reliability, Life Prediction, and Proof Testing of Ceramics / S.M. Wiederhorn // Ceramics for High-Performance Applications / Burke J.J., Gorum A.E., Katz, R.N. (Еds.); Brook Hill Publishing Co., MA. – 1974. – Р.633- 663.15. Paris P.C. A Critical Analysis of Crack Propagation Laws / P.C. Paris, F.Erdogan // J. Basic Eng., Trans. ASME. – 1963. – Vol. 85, No. 4. – P.528-534.16. Walker K. Effects of Environmental and Complex Load History on Fatigue Life / K.Walker // ASTM STP 462, American Society for Testing and Materials. – 1970. – Р. 1-14.17. Dauskardt R.H. Cyclic Fatigue Crack Propagation in MgPSZ Ceramics / R.H. Dauskardt, D.B. Marshall, R.O. Ritchie // J. Am. Cer. Soc. – 1990. – Vol. 73, No. 4. – Р. 893-903.18. Осадчук Т.Ю. Дослідження міцності багатошарових скляних плит, які працюють на згин від зосередженого навантаження штампом / Т.Ю. Осадчук, Б.Г. Демчина// Будівельне виробництво: міжвідомчий науково–технічний збірник. – К.: НДІБВ, 2016. – № 60/2016. – С.58-63.19. Осадчук Т.Ю. Дослідження деформацій багатошарових скляних плит за допомогою кореляції цифрових зображень / Т.Ю. Осадчук, Б.Г. Демчина // Науково-технічний збірник «Комунальне господарство міст». Серія: Технічні науки та архітектура. – Харків: ХНУМГ ім. О.М. Бекетова, 2017 – № 134. – С.153-163.20. Демчина Б.Г. Міцність та деформативність багатошарових скляних плит з різних типів скла, які працюють на згин / Б.Г. Демчина, Т.Ю. Осадчук, Х. Б. Демчина // Вісник Одеської державної академії будівництва та архітектури. – Одеса: ОДАБА, 2017. – № 69. – С. 30 - 37.21. Wiederhorn S.Strength of Glass - A Fracture Mechanics Approach (NBSIR 74-485) [Electronic resource] / S. Wiederhorn // Proceedings of Tenth International Congress on Glass, Kyoto, Japan, July 8-13, 1974. – 18 р. – Retrieved from: https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/ GOVPUB-C13-584f4bac8792295896df0d41d93ac4ae/pdf/GOVPUB-C13-584f4bac8792295896df0d41d93ac4ae.pdf22. Nemeth N.N. Durability evaluation of ceramic components using CARES/LIFE (NASA-TM-106475) [Electronic resource] / N.N. Nemeth, L.M. Powers, L.A. Janosik, J.P. Gyekenyesi // 39th Intemational Gas Turbine and Aerоengine Congress, Hague, Netherlands, June 13-16, 1994. – 15 p. – Retrieved from: https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/ 19940020209.pdf 23. WeibPar: Time Dependent Theory Guide - Dynamic Fatigue Parameter Estimation, Connecticut Reserve Technologies, Inc. [Electronic resource]. – Retrieved from: http://www.weibpar.com/support/docs/WeibPar_Time_Theory.PDF24. Viens M.J. Fracture toughness and crack growth of Zerodur (NASA-TM-4185) [Electronic resource] / M.J. Viens. – NASA Technical Memorandum, 1990, Vol. 4185. – 30 p. – Retrieved from: https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19900011871.pdf25. Schreurs P.J.G.Fracture Mechanics - Lecture notes: course 4A780, Concept version [Electronic resource] / P.J.G. Schreurs. – Eindhoven University of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Materials Technology, 2012. – Retrieved from: http://www.mate.tue.nl/~piet/edu/frm/pdf/frmsyl1213.pdf26. Falvo M.R. Introduction to Materials Science (Appl 50) [Electronic resource] / M.R. Falvo. – Additional Topics, 2006. – Retrieved from: https://users.physics.unc.edu/~falvo/Appl50/ AdditionalCoverageofSelectedTopics.pdf27. Wang C.H. Introduction to Fracture Mechanics (DSTO-GD-0103) [Electronic resource] / C.H. Wang. – Airframes and Engines Division, Aeronauticaland Maritime Research Laboratory, 1996. – 82 р. – Retrieved from: http://dspace.dsto.defence.gov.au/dspace/bitstream/1947/3746/ 1/DSTO-GD-0103%20PR.pdf (retrieved: 25.02.2018).28. Haldimann M. Fracture strength of structural glass elements – analytical and numerical modelling, testing and design [Electronic resource]: PhD Thesis (Thèse N° 3671) / M. Haldimann; EPFL, Lausanne, Switserland, 2006. – 202 p. – Retrieved from: https://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/89658/files/EPFL_TH3671.pdf29. Callister W.D.Materials Science And Engineering: An Introduction (7th ed.) [Electronic resource] / W.D. Callister. – John Wiley & Sons, 2007. – 975 p. – Retrieved from: http://user.ceng.metu.edu.tr/~e1630912/Callister%20-%20Materials%20Science%20and%20 Engineering%20-%20An%20Introduction%207e%20(Wiley,%202007).pdf30. Quinn G.D. Fractography of ceramics and glasses [Electronic resource] / G.D. Quinn. – NIST Recommended Practice Guide, Special Publication (NIST SP) - 960-16e2, 2016. – Retrieved from: https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/specialpublications/NIST.SP.960-16e2.pdf31. Roylance D. Introduction to Fracture Mechanics [Electronic resource] / D. Roylance. – Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, 2001. – Retrieved from: http://web.mit.edu/course/3/3.11/www/modules/frac.pdf32. McGinty B. Stress Intensity Factor [Electronic resource] / B. McGinty. – Retrieved from: http://www.fracturemechanics.org/sif.html33. Sejnoha M. Fracture mechanics [Electronic resource] / M. Sejnoha. – Czech Technical University, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Department of Structural Mechanics, 2004. – Retrieved from: http://ksm.fsv.cvut.cz/~sejnom/download/pm10_tisk.pdf34. Sørensen N.B.Introduction to Fatigue and Fracture Mechanics [Electronic resource] / N.B. Sørensen, L. Gansted-Mortensen. – Dept. of Building Technology and Structural Engineering, Aalborg University. – Retrieved from: http://vbn.aau.dk/files/37807757/ Introduction%20to%20Fatigue%20and%20Fracture%20Mechanics.pdf35. Ciccotti M. Stress-Corrosion Mechanisms in Silicate Glasses [Electronic resource] / M. Ciccotti // Journal of Physics D Applied Physics. – 2009. – Vol. 42. – P. 1-34. – Retrieved from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/23795997_Stress-Corrosion_Mechanisms_in_ Silicate_Glasses36. Haldimann M. Structural Use of Glass / M. Haldimann, A. Luible, M. Overend. –Structural Engineering Document SED, International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), Zürich, Forthcoming, 2008. – 215 р.37. Fundamentals of LEFM And Applications To Fatigue Crack Growth – eFatigue [Electronic resource]. – Retrieved from: https://www.efatigue.com/training/Chapter_6.pdf38. Doyle K.B. Design strength of optical glass [Electronic resource] / K.B. Doyle, M.A. Kahan // Proceedings of SPIE 5176 Optomechanics, San Diego, California, 2003 / Ed. Hatheway A. E.; International Society for Optics and Photonics. – 2003. – Р. 14-25. – Retrieved from: https://wp.optics.arizona.edu/optomech/wp-content/uploads/sites/53/2016/...39. Santarsiero M. Equivalent-Design Crack Model for Structural Glass Elements / M. Santarsiero, M. Froli, C. Louter // Journal of Structural Engineering. – 2014. – Vol. 140, No. 6. – 04014016 (10 р.).40. James N. SCC and v-K Curve Theory [Electronic resource] / N. James. – Retrieved from: https://www.fose1.plymouth.ac.uk/fatiguefracture/tutorials/FractureMecha...41. Brow R.K. Lecture 10. Glass Science & Engineering Mechanical Properties [Electronic resource] / R.K. Brow. – Lehigh University. – Retrieved from: https://www.lehigh.edu/imi/teched/ChinaWS/Lecture_10_Brow_Glass-Fracture...42. Brown B.F. Stress Corrosion Cracking Control Measures [Electronic resource] / B.F. Brown. – National Bureau of Standards Monograph, Washington, D.C., 1977. – 156 p. – Retrieved from: http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/MONO/nbsmonograph156.pdf43. Cottis R.A. Guides to Good Practice in Corrosion Control – Stress Corrosion Cracking / R.A Cottis. – The National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, UK, 2000. – 16 р.44. Wiederhorn S.M. Stress Corrosion and Static Fatigue of Glass / S.M. Wiederhorn, L.H. Bolz // J. Am. Ceram. Soc. – 1970. – Vol. 53, No. 10. – P. 543–548.45. Michalske T.A. Fractography of Stress Corrosion Cracking in Glass / T.A. Michalske // Fractography of Glass / R.C. Bradt and R.E. Tresseler (Eds.); Plenum Press, New York. – 1994. – Р. 111-142.46. Freiman S.W. Stress corrosion of ceramic materials. Annual Report [Electronic resource] / S.W. Freiman, B.R. Lawn, G.S. White, A.C. Gonzalez, Cook R.F., P. Chantikul, H. Richter, E.R. Fuller Jr., S.M. Wiederhorn, T.A Michalske. – National Bureau of Standards, Inorganic Materials Division, Washington, 1983. – 159 р. – Retrieved from: http://www.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/ fulltext/u2/a136729.pdf47. Rountree C. Recent progress to understand stress corrosion cracking in sodium borosilicate glasses: Linking the chemical composition to structural, physical and fracture properties / C. Rountree // Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics. – 2017. – Vol. 50. – 343002 (34 p.).48. Mecholsky J. Virtual Course on Glass - The Properties of Glass: Mechanical Properties of Glass - Lecture 12 [Electronic resource] / J. Mecholsky. – Retrieved from: https://www.lehigh.edu/imi/teched/GlassProp/Slides/GlassProp_Lecture12_M...49. CNR-DT 210/2013. Istruzioni per la Progettazione, l'Esecuzione ed il Controllo di Costruzioni con Elementi Strutturali di Vetro (Guidelines for the Design and Construction of building with Structural Elements of Glass). Italian National Research Council (CNR), Rome, Italy, 2013. – 360 р.50. Overend M. A computer algorithm for determining the tensile strength of float glass [Electronic resource] / M. Overend, K. Zammit // Engineering structures. – 2012. – Vol. 45. – Р. 68-77. – Retrieved from: http://www-g.eng.cam.ac.uk/gft/media/PG%20projects/ Mauro%27s%20publication/Overend%20&%20Zammit_2012_final%20draft.pdf51. Overend M. Recent developments in design methods for glass structures [Electronic resource] / M. Overend // The Structural Engineer. – 2010. – Vol. 88, No. 14. – Р. 18-26. – Retrieved from: https://www.gft.eng.cam.ac.uk/media/mo/se14-paper-dev-of-design-methods-...52. Scholze H. Glass: Nature, Structure, and Properties / H. Scholze. – Springer Science & Business Media, 2012. – 454 р.53. Lindqvist M. Structural glass strength prediction based on edge flaw characterization [Electronic resource]: PhD Thesis (Thèse N° 5627) / M. Lindqvist; EPFL, Lausanne, Switserland, 2013. – 199 p. – Retrieved from: https://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/183860/files/ EPFL_TH5627.pdf54. Bach P.W. Subcritical Crack Growth of Wesgo A1-995 Alumina at Room Temperature [Electronic resource] / P.W. Bach, B.J. De Smet. – Netherlands Energy Research Foundation ECN, 1992. – 30 p. – Retrieved from: ftp://ftp.ecn.nl/pub/www/library/report/1996/c96026.pdf55. Bach P.W. Subcritical crack growth of wesgo a1-995 alumina at 1000°C [Electronic resource] / P.W. Bach. – Netherlands Energy Research Foundation ECN, 1993. – 33 p. – Retrieved from: https://www.ecn.nl/publicaties/PdfFetch.aspx?nr=ECN-I--93-01156. Overend M.Diagnostic Interpretation of Glass Failure [Electronic resource] / M. Overend, S. De Gaetano, M. Haldimann // Structural Engineering International. – 2007. – Vol. 17. – Р. 151-158. – Retrieved from: http://www-g.eng.cam.ac.uk/gft/media/PG%20projects/ Mauro%27s% 20publication/Diagnostic_Interpretation_of_Glass_Failure_DRAFT.pdf57. Wiederhorn S.M. Fracture surface energy of glass / S.M. Wiederhorn // J. Am. Ceram. Soc. – 1969. – Vol. 52. – P. 99-105.58. Mecholsky J. Quantitative Fractographic Analysis of Fracture Origins in Glass / J. Mecholsky // Fractography of Glass / R.C. Bradt and R.E. Tresseler (Eds.); Plenum Press, New York. – 1994. – Р. 37-73.59. Van der Velde O. Finding the strength of glass: A mechanical and fractographic research of glass biaxial strength for structural purposes [Electronic resource]: master thesis / O. Van der Velde; Delft University of Technology, 2015. – 134 р. – Retrieved from: https://repository.tudelft.nl/islandora/object/uuid:386244db-87e6-433c-9...60. Glaesemann G.S. Optical Fiber Mechanical Reliability [Electronic resource] / G.S. Glaesemann. – Corning Inc., 2017. – Retrieved from: https://www.corning.com/media/ worldwide/coc/documents/Fiber/RC-%20White%20Papers/WP-General/WP8002_7.17.pdf61. Schula S. Fracture strength of glass, engineering testing methods and estimation of characteristic values / S. Schula, J. Schneider, M. Vandebroek, J. Belis // COST Action TU0905, Mid-term Conference on Structural Glass, Proceedings. – 2013. – Р.223-23462. Veer F. A. The relation between pre-stress and failure stress in tempered glass / F.A. Veer, Y.M. Rodichev // Challenging Glass 4: Structural Glass-Novel design methods and next generation products / C. Louter, F. Bos, J. Belis, J.P. Lebet (Еds.); Abingdon: Taylor & Francis Group. – 2014. – Р. 731-738.63. Dodd G. Glass Engineering without the Concept of Stress [Electronic resource] / G. Dodd // Glass Processing Days, 18–21 June, 2001. – Р. 120-15. – Retrieved from: https://www.nikolas.net/sites/default/files/press_files/pariser_platz_3_...64. Ungureanu V. Advanced design of glass structures – Lecture L2: Glass strengthening methods [Electronic resource] / V. Ungureanu. – Retrieved from: http://www.ct.upt.ro/suscos/files/ 2013-2015/1E05/2E5_Glass_structures_L2_2014_VU.pdf65. Overend M. The appraisal of structural glass assemblies [Electronic resource]: PhD Thesis / M. Overend; University of Surrey, 2002. – 214 р. – Retrieved from: http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/ 804385/1/Overend2002.pdf66. Mould R.E. The Strength of Inorganic Glasses / R.E. Mould // Fundamental Phenomena in the Material Sciences, Vol. 4: Fracture of Metals, Polymers, and Glasses / Bonis L. J., Duga J. J., Gilman, J. J. (Еds); Proceedings of the Fourth Symposium on Fundamental Phenomena in the Materials Sciences, Plenum Press, New York. – 1967. – Р. 119-149.67. Personick S.D. Fiber Optics: Technology and Applications / S.D. Personick. – Springer Science & Business Media, 2013. – 258 р.
1. New Developments in Load-Bearing Glass [Electronic resource]. – Retrieved from: https://www.bdcuniversity.com/new-developments-load-bearing-glass.2. Achintha M. Sustainability of glass in construction [Electronic resource] / M.Achintha // Sustainability of Construction Materials / Ed. J. Khatib; Woodhead Publishing. – 2016. – Р. 79-104. – Retrieved from: https//doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-100370-1.00005-63. Kalamar R. Load Bearing Innovative Construction from Glass [Electronic resource] / R. Kalamar, M. Eliášová // IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering. – 2015. – Vol. 96. – 012066 (7 р.). – Retrieved from: https//doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/96/1/0120664. Šāble L. Evaluation of Glass in Design of Load Bearing Structures [Electronic resource] / L. Sable, K. Kalnins // Proceedings of Civil Engineering '13: 4th International Scientific Conference, Latvia, Jelgava, 16-17 May, 2013. – Р.46-52. – Retrieved from: http://llufb.llu.lv/conference/Civil_engineering/ 2013/partI/Latvia_CivilEngineering2013Vol4PartI_46-52.pdf5. Pankhardt K. Load-bearing glass structures [Electronic resource] / K.Pankhardt // Periodica Polytechnica Civil Engineering. – 2004. – Vol. 48, No. 1–2. – P. 157–172. – Retrieved from: https://dea.lib.unideb.hu/dea/bitstream/handle/2437/192250/file_up_590-4...6. RodichevY.M.Pytannia yakosti, mitsnosti i bezpeky vitchyznianykh vyrobiv z zmitsnenoho skla pry proektuvanni budivelnykh konstruktsii (Issues of quality, strength and safety of domestic products from strengthened glass in the design of building structures) [Electronic resource] / Y.M. Rodichev // Seminar «Stan ta shliakhy vdoskonalennia zastosuvannia svitloprozorykh konstruktsii», 28 travnia 2009 r., m.Kyiv. – Retrieved from: https://fasadinfo.ua/articles/glass/13467. Zammit K. Increasing the design strength of glass – fractography and stress testing [Electronic resource] / K. Zammit , M. Overend // Proceedings of the International Association for Shell and Spatial Structures Symposium, Valencia, Spain, 28 September – 2 October 2009. – 12 р. – Retrieved from: https://www.gft.eng.cam.ac.uk/media/kz/iass-2009-paper-zammit-overend.pdf8. Mechanical Behavior, Testing, and Manufacturing Properties of Materials [Electronic resource]. – Retrieved from: https://www.researchgate.net/file.PostFileLoader.html?id= 56bf443b6307d911188b4588&assetKey=AS%3A328682485895168%4014553754194859. Toshihiko O. Fracture Analysis, a Basic Tool to Solve Breakage Issues [Electronic resource] / O.Toshihiko // Technical Information Paper (TIP), Corning Inc. – 2004. – Vol. 201. – Retrieved from: http://www.corning.com/media/worldwide/cdt/documents/2_TIP_201.pdf10. Nemeth N.N. CARES/LIFE Ceramics Analysis and Reliability Evaluation of Structures Life Prediction Program (NASA/TM-2003-106316) [Electronic resource] / N.N. Nemeth, L.M. Powers, L.A. Janosik, J.P.Gyekenyesi. – NASA Glenn Research Center; Cleveland, OH United States, 2003. – 342 p. – Retrieved from: https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/ 20030014949.pdf11. Evans A.G.Crack Propagation and Failure Prediction in Silicon Nitride at Elevated Temperature / A.G. Evans, S.M. Wiederhom // J. of Mat. Sci. – 1974. – Vol. 9. – Р. 270-278.12. Evans A.G. Proof Testing of Ceramic Materials-An Analytical Basis for Failure Prediction / A.G. Evans, S.M. Wiederhom // Int. J. of Fracture. – 1974. – Vol. 10, No. 3. – P. 379-39213. Wiederhorn S.M.Subcritical Crack Growth in Ceramics / S.M.Wiederhorn // Fracture Mechanics of Ceramics / Bradt, R.C., Hasselurau, D.P., Lang, F.F. (Еds.); Plenum, New York. – 1974. – Р. 613-646.14. Wiederhorn S.M. Reliability, Life Prediction, and Proof Testing of Ceramics / S.M. Wiederhorn // Ceramics for High-Performance Applications / Burke J.J., Gorum A.E., Katz, R.N. (Еds.); Brook Hill Publishing Co., MA. – 1974. – Р.633- 663.15. Paris P.C. A Critical Analysis of Crack Propagation Laws / P.C. Paris, F.Erdogan // J. Basic Eng., Trans. ASME. – 1963. – Vol. 85, No. 4. – P.528-534.16. Walker K. Effects of Environmental and Complex Load History on Fatigue Life / K.Walker // ASTM STP 462, American Society for Testing and Materials. – 1970. – Р. 1-14.17. Dauskardt R.H. Cyclic Fatigue Crack Propagation in MgPSZ Ceramics / R.H. Dauskardt, D.B. Marshall, R.O. Ritchie // J. Am. Cer. Soc. – 1990. – Vol. 73, No. 4. – Р. 893-903.18. Osadchuk T. Doslidzhennia mitsnosti bahatosharovykh sklianykh plyt, yaki pratsiuiut na zghyn vid zoseredzhenoho navantazhennia shtampom (Experimental researches of multilayered glass plates which working on bending under stamp loading on the local area) [Electronic resource] / T. Osadchuk, B.Demchyna // Budivelne vyrobnytstvo: mizhvidomchyi naukovo–tekhnichnyi zbirnyk. – K.: NDIBV, 2016. – № 60/2016. – Р.58-63. – Retrieved from: https://ndibv.kiev.ua/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/Osadchuk.pdf19. Osadchuk T. Doslidzhennia deformatsii bahato sharovykh sklianykh plyt za dopomohoiu koreliatsii tsyfrovykh zobrazhen(Strain measurement of laminated glass plates using digital image correlation) [Electronic resource] / T. Osadchuk, B. Demchyna // Naukovo-tekhnichnyi zbirnyk «Komunalne hospodarstvo mist». Seriia: Tekhnichni nauky ta arkhitektura. – Kharkiv: KhNUMH im. O.M. Beketova, 2017 – № 134. – Р.153-163. – Retrieved from: http://eprints.kname.edu.ua/46097/1/5013-9958-1-SM.pdf20. Demchyna В.Mitsnist ta deformatyvnist bahatosharovykh sklianykh plyt z riznykh typiv skla, yaki pratsiuiut na zghyn [Electronic resource] / B. Demchyna, T. Osadchuk, Kh. Demchyna // Visnyk Odeskoi derzhavnoi akademii budivnytstva ta arkhitektury. – Odesa: ODABA, 2017. – № 69. – Р. 30 - 37. – Retrieved from: http://www.ogasa.org.ua/visnik-archive.html21. Wiederhorn S.Strength of Glass - A Fracture Mechanics Approach (NBSIR 74-485) [Electronic resource] / S. Wiederhorn // Proceedings of Tenth International Congress on Glass, Kyoto, Japan, July 8-13, 1974. – 18 р. – Retrieved from: https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/ pkg/GOVPUB-C13-584f4bac8792295896df0d41d93ac4ae/pdf/GOVPUB-C13-584f4bac8792295896df0d41d93ac4ae.pdf22. Nemeth N.N. Durability evaluation of ceramic components using CARES/LIFE (NASA-TM-106475) [Electronic resource] / N.N. Nemeth, L.M. Powers, L.A. Janosik, J.P. Gyekenyesi // 39th Intemational Gas Turbine and Aerоengine Congress, Hague, Netherlands, June 13-16, 1994. – 15 p. – Retrieved from: https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/ 19940020209.pdf23. WeibPar: Time Dependent Theory Guide - Dynamic Fatigue Parameter Estimation, Connecticut Reserve Technologies, Inc. [Electronic resource]. – Retrieved from: http://www.weibpar.com/support/docs/WeibPar_Time_Theory.PDF24. Viens M.J. Fracture toughness and crack growth of Zerodur (NASA-TM-4185) [Electronic resource] / M.J. Viens. – NASA Technical Memorandum, 1990, Vol. 4185. – 30 p. – Retrieved from: https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19900011871.pdf25. Schreurs P.J.G.Fracture Mechanics - Lecture notes: course 4A780, Concept version [Electronic resource] / P.J.G. Schreurs. – Eindhoven University of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Materials Technology, 2012. – Retrieved from: http://www.mate.tue.nl/~piet/edu/frm/pdf/frmsyl1213.pdf26. Falvo M.R. Introduction to Materials Science (Appl 50) [Electronic resource] / M.R. Falvo. – Additional Topics, 2006. – Retrieved from: https://users.physics.unc.edu/~falvo/Appl50/ AdditionalCoverageofSelectedTopics.pdf27. Wang C.H. Introduction to Fracture Mechanics (DSTO-GD-0103) [Electronic resource] / C.H. Wang. – Airframes and Engines Division, Aeronauticaland Maritime Research Laboratory, 1996. – 82 р. – Retrieved from: http://dspace.dsto.defence.gov.au/dspace/bitstream/1947/ 3746/1/DSTO-GD-0103%20PR.pdf (retrieved: 25.02.2018).28. Haldimann M. Fracture strength of structural glass elements – analytical and numerical modelling, testing and design [Electronic resource]: PhD Thesis (Thèse N° 3671) / M. Haldimann; EPFL, Lausanne, Switserland, 2006. – 202 p. – Retrieved from: https://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/89658/files/EPFL_TH3671.pdf29. Callister W.D.Materials Science And Engineering: An Introduction (7th ed.) [Electronic resource] / W.D. Callister. – John Wiley & Sons, 2007. – 975 p. – Retrieved from: http://user.ceng.metu.edu.tr/~e1630912/Callister%20-%20Materials%20Science%20and%20 Engineering% 20-%20An%20Introduction%207e%20(Wiley,%202007).pdf30. Quinn G.D. Fractography of ceramics and glasses [Electronic resource] / G.D. Quinn. – NIST Recommended Practice Guide, Special Publication (NIST SP) - 960-16e2, 2016. – Retrieved from: https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/specialpublications/NIST.SP.960-16e2.pdf31. Roylance D. Introduction to Fracture Mechanics [Electronic resource] / D. Roylance. – Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, 2001. – Retrieved from: http://web.mit.edu/course/3/3.11/www/ modules/frac.pdf32. McGinty B. Stress Intensity Factor [Electronic resource] / B. McGinty. – Retrieved from: http://www.fracturemechanics.org/sif.html33. Sejnoha M. Fracture mechanics [Electronic resource] / M. Sejnoha. – Czech Technical University, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Department of Structural Mechanics, 2004. – Retrieved from: http://ksm.fsv.cvut.cz/~sejnom/download/pm10_tisk.pdf34. Sørensen N.B.Introduction to Fatigue and Fracture Mechanics [Electronic resource] / N.B. Sørensen, L. Gansted-Mortensen. – Dept. of Building Technology and Structural Engineering, Aalborg University. – Retrieved from: http://vbn.aau.dk/files/37807757/ Introduction%20to%20Fatigue%20and%20Fracture%20Mechanics.pdf35. Ciccotti M. Stress-Corrosion Mechanisms in Silicate Glasses [Electronic resource] / M. Ciccotti // Journal of Physics D Applied Physics. – 2009. – Vol. 42. – P. 1-34. – Retrieved from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/23795997_Stress-Corrosion_Mechanisms_in_Silicate_Glasses36. Haldimann M. Structural Use of Glass / M. Haldimann, A. Luible, M. Overend. –Structural Engineering Document SED, International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), Zürich, Forthcoming, 2008. – 215 р.37. Fundamentals of LEFM And Applications To Fatigue Crack Growth – eFatigue [Electronic resource]. – Retrieved from: https://www.efatigue.com/training/Chapter_6.pdf38. Doyle K.B. Design strength of optical glass [Electronic resource] / K.B. Doyle, M.A. Kahan // Proceedings of SPIE 5176 Optomechanics, San Diego, California, 2003 / Ed. Hatheway A. E.; International Society for Optics and Photonics. – 2003. – Р. 14-25. – Retrieved from: https://wp.optics.arizona.edu/optomech/wp-content/uploads/sites/53/2016/...39. Santarsiero M. Equivalent-Design Crack Model for Structural Glass Elements / M. Santarsiero, M. Froli, C. Louter // Journal of Structural Engineering. – 2014. – Vol. 140, No. 6. – 04014016 (10 р.).40. James N. SCC and v-K Curve Theory [Electronic resource] / N. James. – Retrieved from: https://www.fose1.plymouth.ac.uk/fatiguefracture/tutorials/FractureMecha...41. Brow R.K. Lecture 10. Glass Science & Engineering Mechanical Properties [Electronic resource] / R.K. Brow. – Lehigh University. – Retrieved from: https://www.lehigh.edu/imi/teched/ChinaWS/Lecture_10_Brow_Glass-Fracture...42. Brown B.F. Stress Corrosion Cracking Control Measures [Electronic resource] / B.F. Brown. – National Bureau of Standards Monograph, Washington, D.C., 1977. – 156 p. – Retrieved from: http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/MONO/nbsmonograph156.pdf43. Cottis R.A. Guides to Good Practice in Corrosion Control – Stress Corrosion Cracking / R.A Cottis. – The National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, UK, 2000. – 16 р.44. Wiederhorn S.M. Stress Corrosion and Static Fatigue of Glass / S.M. Wiederhorn, L.H. Bolz // J. Am. Ceram. Soc. – 1970. – Vol. 53, No. 10. – P. 543–548.45. Michalske T.A. Fractography of Stress Corrosion Cracking in Glass / T.A. Michalske // Fractography of Glass / R.C. Bradt and R.E. Tresseler (Eds.); Plenum Press, New York. – 1994. – Р. 111-142.46. Freiman S.W. Stress corrosion of ceramic materials. Annual Report [Electronic resource] / S.W. Freiman, B.R. Lawn, G.S. White, A.C. Gonzalez, Cook R.F., P. Chantikul, H. Richter, E.R. Fuller Jr., S.M. Wiederhorn, T.A Michalske. – National Bureau of Standards, Inorganic Materials Division, Washington, 1983. – 159 р. – Retrieved from: http://www.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a136729.pdf47. Rountree C. Recent progress to understand stress corrosion cracking in sodium borosilicate glasses: Linking the chemical composition to structural, physical and fracture properties / C. Rountree // Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics. – 2017. – Vol. 50. – 343002 (34 p.).48. Mecholsky J. Virtual Course on Glass - The Properties of Glass: Mechanical Properties of Glass - Lecture 12 [Electronic resource] / J. Mecholsky. – Retrieved from: https://www.lehigh.edu/imi/teched/GlassProp/Slides/GlassProp_Lecture12_M...49. CNR-DT 210/2013. Istruzioni per la Progettazione, l'Esecuzione ed il Controllo di Costruzioni con Elementi Strutturali di Vetro (Guidelines for the Design and Construction of building with Structural Elements of Glass). Italian National Research Council (CNR), Rome, Italy, 2013. – 360 р.50. Overend M. A computer algorithm for determining the tensile strength of float glass [Electronic resource] / M. Overend, K. Zammit // Engineering structures. – 2012. – Vol. 45. – Р. 68-77. – Retrieved from: http://www-g.eng.cam.ac.uk/gft/media/PG%20projects/ Mauro%27s%20publication/Overend%20&%20Zammit_2012_final%20draft.pdf51. Overend M. Recent developments in design methods for glass structures [Electronic resource] / M. Overend // The Structural Engineer. – 2010. – Vol. 88, No. 14. – Р. 18-26. – Retrieved from: https://www.gft.eng.cam.ac.uk/media/mo/se14-paper-dev-of-design-methods-...52. Scholze H. Glass: Nature, Structure, and Properties / H. Scholze. – Springer Science & Business Media, 2012. – 454 р.53. Lindqvist M. Structural glass strength prediction based on edge flaw characterization [Electronic resource]: PhD Thesis (Thèse N° 5627) / M. Lindqvist; EPFL, Lausanne, Switserland, 2013. – 199 p. – Retrieved from: https://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/183860/files/ EPFL_TH5627.pdf54. Bach P.W. Subcritical Crack Growth of Wesgo A1-995 Alumina at Room Temperature [Electronic resource] / P.W. Bach, B.J. De Smet. – Netherlands Energy Research Foundation ECN, 1992. – 30 p. – Retrieved from: ftp://ftp.ecn.nl/pub/www/library/report/1996/c96026.pdf55. Bach P.W. Subcritical crack growth of wesgo a1-995 alumina at 1000°C [Electronic resource] / P.W. Bach. – Netherlands Energy Research Foundation ECN, 1993. – 33 p. – Retrieved from: https://www.ecn.nl/publicaties/PdfFetch.aspx?nr=ECN-I--93-01156. Overend M.Diagnostic Interpretation of Glass Failure [Electronic resource] / M. Overend, S. De Gaetano, M. Haldimann // Structural Engineering International. – 2007. – Vol. 17. – Р. 151-158. – Retrieved from: http://www-g.eng.cam.ac.uk/gft/media/PG%20projects/ Mauro%27s%20publication/Diagnostic_Interpretation_of_Glass_Failure_DRAFT.pdf57. Wiederhorn S.M. Fracture surface energy of glass / S.M. Wiederhorn // J. Am. Ceram. Soc. – 1969. – Vol. 52. – P. 99-105.58. Mecholsky J. Quantitative Fractographic Analysis of Fracture Origins in Glass / J. Mecholsky // Fractography of Glass / R.C. Bradt and R.E. Tresseler (Eds.); Plenum Press, New York. – 1994. – Р. 37-73.59. Van der Velde O. Finding the strength of glass: A mechanical and fractographic research of glass biaxial strength for structural purposes [Electronic resource]: master thesis / O. Van der Velde; Delft University of Technology, 2015. – 134 р. – Retrieved from: https://repository.tudelft.nl/islandora/object/uuid:386244db-87e6-433c-9...60. Glaesemann G.S. Optical Fiber Mechanical Reliability [Electronic resource] / G.S. Glaesemann. – Corning Inc., 2017. – Retrieved from: https://www.corning.com/media/ worldwide/coc/documents/Fiber/RC-%20White%20Papers/WP-General/WP8002_7.17.pdf61. Schula S. Fracture strength of glass, engineering testing methods and estimation of characteristic values / S. Schula, J. Schneider, M. Vandebroek, J. Belis // COST Action TU0905, Mid-term Conference on Structural Glass, Proceedings. – 2013. – Р.223-23462. Veer F. A. The relation between pre-stress and failure stress in tempered glass / F.A. Veer, Y.M. Rodichev // Challenging Glass 4: Structural Glass-Novel design methods and next generation products / C. Louter, F. Bos, J. Belis, J.P. Lebet (Еds.); Abingdon: Taylor & Francis Group. – 2014. – Р. 731-738.63. Dodd G. Glass Engineering without the Concept of Stress [Electronic resource] / G. Dodd // Glass Processing Days, 18–21 June, 2001. – Р. 120-15. – Retrieved from: https://www.nikolas.net/sites/default/files/press_files/pariser_platz_3_...64. Ungureanu V. Advanced design of glass structures – Lecture L2: Glass strengthening methods [Electronic resource] / V. Ungureanu. – Retrieved from: http://www.ct.upt.ro/suscos/files/2013-2015/1E05/2E5_Glass_structures_L2...65. Overend M. The appraisal of structural glass assemblies [Electronic resource]: PhD Thesis / M. Overend; University of Surrey, 2002. – 214 р. – Retrieved from: http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/804385/1/Overend2002.pdf66. Mould R.E. The Strength of Inorganic Glasses / R.E. Mould // Fundamental Phenomena in the Material Sciences, Vol. 4: Fracture of Metals, Polymers, and Glasses / Bonis L. J., Duga J. J., Gilman, J. J. (Еds); Proceedings of the Fourth Symposium on Fundamental Phenomena in the Materials Sciences, Plenum Press, New York. – 1967. – Р. 119-149.67. Personick S.D. Fiber Optics: Technology and Applications / S.D. Personick. – Springer Science & Business Media, 2013. – 258 р.